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Jonathon Ryan and Naheen Madarbakus-Ring
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Jonathon Ryan is a research manager at Wintec, New Zealand, and is a materials writer with Chasing Time English. He previously taught English in Ireland, Mexico and Guatemala and his current research interests include applying insights from conversation analysis to listening pedagogy.
Naheen Madarbakus-Ring is an Assistant Professor at the University of Tsukuba, Japan. She has taught in South Korea, Japan, the UK and New Zealand. Naheen has a PhD in Applied Linguistics from Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. She is the author of Metacognitive Listening Instruction in the Second Language Classroom: Theory, method, and practice and co-editor of New Ways in Teaching Active Listening. Her main research interests are second Language (L2) listening, language learning strategies and curriculum development.
Active listening
For many learners, listening is the most challenging of the four skills, yet it is often the least prioritised and the least understood by teachers (Newton & Nation, 2021). The most sustained criticism concerns the treatment of listening as a passive activity, in which learners are positioned as mere receivers of audio texts. For instance, in the most commonly used approach, a standard routine is followed of establishing context, previewing vocabulary and comprehension questions, then listening to the input and checking answers (Field, 2009). Arguably, there is little actual teaching in this routine and learners can only superficially engage...